The leather industry amid societal polarisation: navigating challenges and opportunities

Original content by: Leather International

The leather industry, a vital sector contributing significantly to global economies, is experiencing an era of profound change. Societal polarisation, driven by divergent views on environmental sustainability, animal rights, and economic priorities, is reshaping the landscape of leather production and consumption. This article explores how these polarising forces impact the leather industry, examining both the challenges and opportunities they present.

Environmental impact and sustainable practices

The environmental impact of leather production is a major point of contention. Traditional leather processing is resource-intensive, consuming vast amounts of water and energy, and generating significant waste and pollution. The tanning process, in particular, has come under scrutiny for its use of hazardous chemicals such as chromium, which can contaminate water supplies and pose health risks to workers and surrounding communities.

To address these concerns, the industry is increasingly adopting sustainable practices. Leading companies are investing in cleaner technologies, such as vegetable tanning and water-efficient processing methods. Additionally, the development of bio-based and recycled leather alternatives is gaining traction. These innovations not only reduce environmental impact but also align with the growing consumer demand for eco-friendly products.

Animal welfare and ethical considerations

The ethical treatment of animals in the leather industry is another polarising issue. Animal rights organisations, such as PETA and the Humane Society, have campaigned vigorously against the use of animal-derived materials, advocating for cruelty-free and vegan alternatives. These efforts have resonated with a growing segment of consumers who prioritise animal welfare and seek out ethical products.

In response, the industry is exploring alternatives to traditional leather. Materials such as mushroom leather (mycelium), pineapple leather (Piñatex), and lab-grown leather are gaining popularity. These innovations not only cater to ethical concerns but also offer unique textures and properties that differentiate them from conventional leather.

Economic implications and workforce considerations

The leather industry is a significant economic contributor, particularly in developing countries where it provides employment and supports livelihoods. However, the push for sustainable and ethical practices can create economic challenges. Transitioning to cleaner technologies and alternative materials often requires substantial investment, which can be burdensome for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the leather supply chain.

Moreover, the shift towards automation and technological advancements in leather processing may lead to job displacement. As the industry adopts more efficient production methods, there is a risk that traditional roles may become obsolete, impacting workers’ livelihoods.

Balancing economic growth and sustainability

Balancing economic growth with sustainability is a complex task. Governments and industry leaders must navigate these challenges to ensure the continued viability of the leather sector while promoting ethical and environmental responsibility. Initiatives such as public-private partnerships, financial incentives for sustainable practices, and workforce retraining programmes can help mitigate the economic impact of these transitions.

Consumer trends and market dynamics

Consumer preferences play a pivotal role in shaping the leather industry. As societal polarisation influences buying behaviour, understanding and responding to these trends is crucial for businesses. Several key trends are currently impacting the market:

  1. Sustainability and Transparency: Consumers are increasingly demanding transparency in supply chains and the sustainability of products. Brands that provide clear information about their sourcing and production practices are gaining a competitive edge.
  2. Ethical Consumption: The rise of ethical consumption has led to a growing market for vegan and cruelty-free products. Brands that align with these values are attracting a loyal customer base.
  3. Quality and Craftsmanship: Despite the push for sustainability, there remains a strong market for high-quality, durable leather goods. Consumers appreciate the craftsmanship and longevity of well-made leather products.

Industry response and innovation

The leather industry is responding to these trends through innovation and strategic initiatives. Companies are investing in research and development to create sustainable and ethical products without compromising on quality. Collaborations with technology providers and material scientists are driving the development of novel materials and processing techniques.

Conclusion: navigating a polarised future

The leather industry stands at a crossroads, shaped by societal polarisation and the urgent need for sustainable and ethical practices. While these challenges are significant, they also present opportunities for innovation and growth. By embracing sustainable technologies, exploring alternative materials, and responding to evolving consumer preferences, the industry can navigate this polarised landscape and build a resilient and responsible future.

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Leather is not a driver of deforestation

Original content by: La Conceria

While “combating deforestation is a global priority” – as it obviously is – the truth is that leather should not be considered as a driver of the issue. A truth that has been repeatedly states, demonstrated and forcefully reiterated yesterday in Geneva by UNIC – Italian Tanneries. Location: the Palais des Nations. Occasion. The Deforestation-Free Trade Dialogue organized by UNECE (United Nations Economic Commission for Europe), one of the 5 “regional commissions” of the United Nations. A body whose mission is “to foster pan-European economic integration”.

Leather is not a driver of deforestation

On Nov. 13 2024, UNIC was hosted at UNECE’s Deforestation-Free Trade Dialogue, in the afternoon panel “Learning from current experiences by markets actors: possible challenges and solutions”. The experience and truth of Italian leather in relation to the implementation of the EUDR Regulation was presented and explored in depth by President Fabrizio Nuti (photo right) with a speech that from the very title set the record straight: Why leather is not a driver of deforestation: social and economic consequences”.

Three key points

Three, in particular, were the points of Nuti’s talk. First: data in hand, UNIC has shown that leather is not a cause of deforestation. Second: the EUDR could a very dangerous boomerang. The reason? By effectively blocking European tanning production, it does not prevent products made from hides coming into Europe from deforested areas. Third, the list of countries deemed to be at risk of deforestation needs to be clarified and updated, as it’s currently not yet defined.

An important opportunity

UNIC’s presence at the UNECE table, and in front of a parterre of speakers and delegates from all over the world, presented an important opportunity to give visibility and authority to its clear position on the EUDR. A position shared by the entire European tanning industry and by many other institutions (including international ones) that have expressed strong critical opinions against this regulation. Not because of what it’s trying to achieve, which is an objective shared by all. But because of the current way of working of its implementation.

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Durability versus fast fashion

Original content by: Lederpiel

The international leather (Cotance), footwear (CEC), fur (IFF) and wool (IWTO) associations have joined forces to defend natural and durable materials against fast fashion. These four organisations have produced a joint statement addressed to the Technical Secretariat of the Product Environmental Footprint Standards Category (Pefcr) on Clothing and Footwear (A&F). In it they express their disagreement with the current method for calculating the “service life” of clothing and shoes. According to Cotance, CEC, IFF and IWTO, the main concern is the precedent that this calculation method is setting in the broader EU regulatory context. “An immature methodology for calculating the environmental footprint of clothing and footwear products risks having highly damaging effects on the diversity and competitiveness of industries in the ecosystem”, the associations say.

What is wrong with current durability metrics for clothing and footwear? According to these four representative organisations for leather, footwear, fur and wool, they penalise natural and longer-lasting materials, and consumer products made from them.

Joint statement

The main concern lies in the unit of measurement adopted by the Technical Secretariat, which develops the methodology and the representativeness of the default values ​​for the durability of clothing and footwear products taken from Higg.

The signatories of the joint statement oppose the measure being expressed in a number of “uses” rather than in real time in “years”. This approach, taken from the Higg Product Module, “does not reflect the real lifespan of products or the opinion of all stakeholders in the sector”, explain the four associations. In addition, neither the product segmentation nor the default values ​​for service life take into account the unique properties of the different materials. “As a result, the method favours products that are purchased and thrown away after just a few ‘uses’ and penalises those designed to last much longer than the methodology can deliver,” the signatories of the joint statement say.

The organisations representing the views of the footwear, fur, leather and wool industries propose that service life be expressed in years rather than uses and that the durability characteristics that materials confer on products be appropriately integrated into product segmentation or the reference flow. “This change would provide a more accurate and meaningful assessment of a product’s lifespan, helping both consumers and manufacturers make informed decisions,” they say.

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September, a key month in the positioning of leather as an example of Sustainable Fashion

Original content by: Leather Cluster Barcelona

Last September, various events took place that gave visibility to leather and its industry within the Sustainable Fashion approach, highlighting the long life and longevity of articles made from leather.

On the one hand, Lineapelle, one of the oldest and most prestigious international leather fairs in the world, was held from 17 to 19 September in Milan, dedicated to leather, accessories and components for the footwear, leather goods, clothing and furniture industries.

The 104th edition of Lineapelle brought together 1,259 exhibitors from 43 countries in more than 45,000 square metres of exhibition space, consolidating the Italian fair in its position as a global platform for the fashion, luxury and design industries.

A total of ten tanning companies associated with Leather Cluster Barcelona have taken part in Lineapelle, exhibiting their leather goods in this great international showcase where professional fashion experts from all over the world meet to look for new products, trends and accessories.

The tanneries Aqualata, Badia, Colomer 1792, Combalia, Despell, La Doma, Miret, Morera Pell, Riba Guixà and Splenda have exhibited in one of the world’s fashion capitals, Milan, claiming leather as an example of Circular Economy and Sustainable Fashion.

But Lineapelle has not been the only event to defend leather as a benchmark for Sustainable Fashion. On September 9 and 10, the Sustainable Leather Forum was organized. Sustainable Leather Forum is the first international event dedicated to sharing the best practices of Corporate Social Responsibility in the leather sector and its ecosystem. Held in Paris, it brought together more than 400 international participants to discuss social, environmental and economic issues facing the leather industry over two days of keynote speeches, panel discussions and networking sessions.

Also in the Sustainable Fashion key and at a global level, OXFAM, the international cooperation NGO that works to end poverty and inequality in the world, has promoted this month the Second Hand September campaign, encouraging us all to position ourselves against the fast fashion consumption model. ⁠

All these events take place in the midst of a debate in society about production models and the use of sustainable items in the fashion industry. In this sense, one of the global objectives to protect the planet of the United Nations Organization is responsible production and consumption. The UN, in its 12th Sustainable Development Goal, calls on governments, the private sector and society to increase resource efficiency for environmental preservation, promoting more sustainable consumption styles.

The current fashion model, based on fast fashion, is linked to hyperconsumption that has important environmental consequences. In this context, leather is positioned as a clear example of Circular Economy and Sustainable Fashion to reduce the negative impacts that fast fashion generates.

The leather industry contributes to responsible and sustainable consumption, revaluing a by-product so that it does not become waste, to produce durable consumer goods. In fact, a leather item can last a lifetime, offering a sustainable alternative to the throwaway culture.

In this context, leather is a durable and timeless material that can be used for many years, it is, therefore, a good that contributes to the reduction of consumerism. In contrast to fast fashion, a business model based on creating disposable products, largely represented by synthetic materials that want to imitate leather, made from plastic, made from compounds derived from petroleum, a limited natural resource, which beyond the negative environmental impact during its production process, is expensive and complicated to recycle and has very poor biodegradability.

Leather Cluster Barcelona is a competitive cooperation environment to promote transversal and transformative strategic projects with the aim of boosting the leather sector ecosystem and its value chain within the framework of Shared Value policies. The cluster is an accredited entity within the Catalonia Clusters programme and has the support of Acció.

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Workplace safety and minimizing carbon footprint: Green Deal Leather goals

Original content by: Lederpiel

On May 16, the social partners of the European leather industry, the Cotance employers’ association and the IndustriAll-Europe syndicate, held the final conference of the Green Deal Leather project in Brussels (Belgium) after two years of work. The event attracted around a hundred attendees and marked the end of a project in which the national tanning associations of Spain (Acexpiel), Portugal (APIC), France (FFTM), Hungary (MKZS), Italy (UNIC), Germany (VDL) and Austria (FVTBSL).

The main goal of the project was to know with primary data the real situation of the leather industry in aspects so relevant to advancing the circular economy such as safety in the workplace within tanneries and the carbon footprint of leather generated by the tanning activity. In this sense, during the introduction of the conference, Gustavo González-Quijano, general secretary of Cotance, commented on some of the main conclusions of the project’s research. In relation to work accidents, González-Quijano pointed out that these decreased by 16% in two years in the countries participating in the study (Italy, Spain, France, Germany, Portugal, Hungary and Austria); that is, from 1,317 accidents in 2019 to 1,102 in 2021. It should be noted that 15% of occupational accidents in the European tanning sector occur in itinere (on the way to or from work) and that more than 90% of recorded accidents are classified as “minor” in severity. Regarding the carbon footprint of leather, the results of the studies indicated that the average emissions are 8 kg of CO2 per square meter of bovine leather produced. In this sense, the majority of the carbon footprint is produced by the chemicals used in the tanning process.

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Fast fashion is out of fashion: how leather is set to become part of the solution

Original content by: Leather Naturally

As the world grapples with how we can reduce our impact on the environment and actively limit the impacts of climate change, we sit at a vital crossroads in our collective history. Leather is well positioned to be a meaningful part of the solution.

The European Commission has launched an anti-fast fashion campaign specifically designed to educate younger consumers about the negative impacts of fast fashion and to promote the EU Strategy for Sustainable and Circular Textiles. The campaign aims to address issues of over-production associated with fast fashion and to prioritize sustainability and longevity.

The European Union is committed to serious action as part of its 2030 Vision for Textiles the cornerstone of which is sustainable fashion – designed to have a positive impact on people and the planet.

With leather’s inherent properties of durability, reparability and longevity it represents the antithesis of fast fashion. The fact that it utilizes a by-product in order to create a versatile and premium material lends an additional benefit to its key position in the circular economy.

Increasing traceability expectations together with more and more stringent regulations have entirely shifted the modern consumer landscape. Consumers are far more educated than ever before on the provenance of the goods they purchase and the fact that the impacts of their purchasing decisions can be far-reaching.

Within this context, leather takes a by-product that would otherwise need to be disposed of (with its own environmental impacts) and using responsible, traceable and verifiable production processes, offers designers and consumers high quality products that can be repaired, re-cycled and that can last a lifetime.

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Sustainability: is fashion on a turning point or is it (still) at a dead end?

Original content by: Lineapelle Magazine

Restarting from 42%. In other words, from the percentage  that, according to ICPEN (International Consumer Protection Enforcement Network) identifies the current green hypocrisy. That is, the fact that, online, more than 4 green slogans out of 10 “are exaggerated, false or deceitful”. Greenwashing, in one word. The occasion to take it one step further is offered by BoF (Business of Fashion), a reference portal for fashion and luxury. Unfortunately, this step does not take us much further. To the point that one question necessarily comes up: is fashion actually taking a turn, as far as 360 degrees green is concerned, or is it still at a dead end?

Turning point or dead alley?

BoF elaborates periodically a Sustainability Index. According to its latest edition, “while companies are discussing about sustainability more than ever, actions are delayed, compared with public commitments”. Much storytelling (sometimes close to propaganda), few concrete actions. “The total average score of evaluated companies was just 36 on 100, with a considerable difference between commitment and action”, BoF writes.

The relationship with suppliers

In the end, to really reach their green goals, brands need to make their production area cost-effective in a sustainable way. Which is, nevertheless, part of their universe under the “suppliers” item. With them, they should share long-term investments in technology and tools. But, BoF remarks, “suppliers complain about the fact that t18hey are often left alone, when the issue is paying for the investments. Instead of putting each season suppliers one against the other for prices, brands should establish solid partnerships, even if this could mean that the cost of production will get higher”. Luckily, it does not work like this for everyone. But that’s enough to prevent a real, determined, widespread sustainable turn from happening. And much too often, this is an unbalanced burden on the upper part of the production chain.

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Alternatives to leather are not always what they seem

Original content by: One4Leather

You have probably heard of the term ‘Vegan Leather’. But what is it really? The name suggests that is derived from plant-based material but is it?

In fact, ‘vegan leather’ isn’t leather at all, nor is it always plant-based. It’s often a material made out polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane (PU) and textile-polymer composite microfibers or other petroleum-based materials. In layman’s terms: plastics. Some newer alternatives are based on plant or fruit fibres, such as apples or pineapples. The traditional leather alternative materials are artificial and have been around for ages as ‘leather alternatives’, but do not possess the same properties as, nor can they be called leather, as the term is strictly defined according to ISO and other European standards as a tanned hide or skin with its original fibrous structure more or less intact.

‘Vegan’ implies ”free-from” any animal products, which makes naming a vegan material ‘leather’ misleading and even contradictory. This should, however, not be confused with ‘vegetable tanned’ leather, which refers to using tannins that originate from plants, such as the tannin in tree bark. Vegetable-tanned leather though is still genuine leather. Leather alternative materials certainly have achieved higher quality over the years, yet they have decidedly different structures and properties to genuine leather.

As an industry, we believe there is a clear difference between authentic leather and alternatives on various fronts, based on material properties. To illustrate the difference, when you do buy leather, you are choosing a material with the following characteristics:

  • Easy to clean (one of the main reasons why aviation and shared mobility are using it);
  • ‘Breathing’ properties (due to natural fiber structure of the skin);
  • Strength and durability (leather keeps its quality, year-in year-out);
  • Flexibility (leather becomes more and more flexible over time, while it still maintains its shape and strength)
  • Compostability, since leather products can be turned into compost in a matter of weeks as only 1% would remain, which is the surface treatment. This surface coating is the last challenge to make leather a 100% biodegradable material that leaves no footprint in our environment after use.

In the end, it is your choice to make: using or buying artificial material or the real deal. We just wanted to let you know what the difference is, as we believe that transparency is key in order to make a self-conscious decision in what you buy and use.

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A project demonstrates the better biodegradability of leather compared to other materials

Original content by: Lederpiel

The A3 Leather Innovation Center of the University of Lleida has recently presented the results of a biodegradability project based on compostability. Commissioned by Leather Cluster Barcelona, ​​this initiative consisted of a scientific study to analyze the compostability of leather and other materials. The project concludes with scientific data that leather has a much greater degradation than synthetic and artificial alternatives that simulate hides. Furthermore, those responsible for the work confirm that materials that imitate leather have less resistance and permeability than leather.

The study aims to determine the differences at a physical and chemical level, as well as other thermometric properties, of seven different types of finished leather and three imitations of leather: a material of synthetic origin (commercially, imitation leather) and two alternatives based on raw materials of biological origin (pineapple and cactus) that try to imitate leather in the fashion industry (commercially, called “vegan leather”).

The work includes a complete physical and chemical characterization of the different materials under study, applying standardized methods of the leather sector on an international scale. Also included is a study of accelerated aging of the materials in a climatic chamber and their subsequent characterization, to determine what impact these extreme conditions have caused on the materials under study.

Once the composting process is completed, a leaching study of the different compounds is included with the aim of identifying the substances that the compounds release after experimentation.

Finally, a study of the volatile organic compound content of the ten samples under study is included. The objective is to determine if the different substrates contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of greater or lesser volatility, or of greater or lesser danger to the user.

Conclusions
One of the most relevant conclusions is that during the composting processes, while the different samples of natural leather analyzed present a total or partial degradation in a period of 21 to 35 days depending on the type of leather, the samples of alternative materials do not present any indication of degradation after 90 days of starting the compostability test.

Regarding physical properties, the alternative materials to leather studied show lower resistance and lower permeability, a fact that positions these materials with lower durability and well below the intrinsic qualities and properties of leather and for the uses to which they are intended. which is intended.

“The results of this project provide information and value to estimate with scientific rigor that leather of natural origin has much higher degradation rates than synthetic and artificial alternatives that want to imitate it,” say the scientists at A3 Leather Innovation Center.

Next steps
The biodegradability project will not end with the presentation of the study data, but both Leather Cluster Barcelona and A3 Leather Innovation Center UdL want to scale it up at the Jorba industrial composting facility in Barcelona.

With the scientific arguments derived from this project, Leather Cluster Barcelona wants to claim leather as an example of a circular economy and demand the correct use of the term leather only for those articles of natural origin. The term leather is used in many cases, but not always respecting the nature of its origin. Animal hides, used as a raw material to make consumer products, is a sustainable material with long durability and compostability. The leather tanning and finishing industry, as an agent of the circular economy, values ​​this resource by preventing it from becoming waste.

«Leather imitations, both synthetic materials mostly made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polyurethane (PU), as well as new fashion alternatives based on raw materials of organic origin from various industries, but produced with polymers derived from petroleum (the so-called vegan leather), are not biodegradable, recyclable or sustainable and will remain in landfills for centuries,” say those responsible for the project.

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